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Rabies Prevention and Control - Rabies Vaccine Usage

Exposure (Bite, Scratch, Lick Injury) Date:

Injection Dates - (Please enter the date and submit)

211 Vaccination Scheme 5-Dose Vaccination Scheme

FAQ:

  Rabies is an acute zoonotic infectious disease caused by the rabies virus, commonly transmitted to humans through bites from infected animals.
  The incubation period of this disease varies, it is preventable but not curable, and it has a 100% fatality rate as an acute infectious disease.
  Currently, the only effective preventive measures are: wound treatment and rabies vaccination.
  For patients with Level III exposure, in addition to rabies vaccination, "Rabies Immune Globulin" or "Anti-Rabies Serum" should be administered.
  Common questions are as follows:
1. What is the method for wound treatment?
    Answer: Strict wound management,
    thoroughly rinse the injured area repeatedly with clean water or soap water for no less than 15 minutes.
    Generally, do not bandage or suture the wound.
2. What are the adverse reactions to the rabies vaccine?
    Answer: After vaccination, observe the patient in the hospital for at least half an hour.
    A very small number of people may experience local redness, swelling, or rash, usually requiring no special treatment.
    If there are more obvious reactions or fever, please come to the hospital for symptomatic treatment in a timely manner.
3. What should be paid attention to in daily life and diet after receiving the rabies vaccine?
    Answer: Generally avoid alcohol, smoking, strong tea, spicy and sour foods, and avoid strenuous exercise within half a month after receiving the rabies vaccine to prevent reactions.
4. Does vaccinating children with the rabies vaccine affect the administration of other vaccines?
    Answer: It does not affect.
    During the period of rabies vaccination, other vaccines can also be administered normally, but rabies vaccine should be given priority.
5. Is there a time limit for receiving the rabies vaccine?
    Answer: In principle, the sooner the rabies vaccine is administered, the better the effect.
    If it exceeds several days or even months, vaccination should be supplemented as soon as possible whenever possible.
6. What to do if the vaccine administration is delayed by a day or a few days due to not following the procedure?
    Answer: Timely vaccination is very important for developing immunity, especially the first three doses are the most critical, please pay attention to on-time vaccination.
    If the first three doses are delayed, it is recommended to restart the complete immunization course.
    Conversely, simply adjust the vaccination time, and the subsequent doses should be correspondingly postponed.
7. Can different brands of rabies vaccines be mixed?
    Answer: Try to use the same brand of vaccine.
    However, clinical observations show that mixing different brands of vaccines does not affect their preventive effects.
8. If bitten (scratched, licked) by cats or dogs that have already been vaccinated against rabies, is it necessary to receive the rabies vaccine?
    Answer: Yes.
    Because even after animals are vaccinated against rabies, the protection rate is not 100%, and they may still carry the rabies virus.
9. Do I need to receive the rabies vaccine if bitten by a person?
    Answer: Not necessarily.
    If it is determined that the person who bit you does not have rabies, it is not needed.
    However, since the human mouth contains various bacteria, timely medical treatment is still required.
10. Can pregnant women receive the rabies vaccine?
    Answer: Yes.
    According to relevant literature and guidelines: post-exposure immunization has no contraindications.
    Studies have shown that it is safe for pregnant women to receive the rabies vaccine and does not affect the fetus.
    However, pre-exposure immunization is generally not recommended for pregnant women.
11. If I have previously received the rabies vaccine and am exposed again, do I need to be vaccinated again?
    Answer: Not necessarily.
    If it has been less than 6 months since complete immunization, generally no need for re-vaccination;
    If it has been 6–12 months, administer one dose on day 0 and day 3;
    If it has been 1–3 years, administer one dose on day 0, day 3, and day 7;
    If it has been more than 3 years, re-administer the complete immunization course.
    However, it is essential to first, timely, and thoroughly perform wound treatment.
12. What animals can transmit rabies?
    Answer: Mainly includes: ① Wild mammals (such as dogs, wolves, cats, other carnivores, and bats); ② Livestock (such as dogs, cats, pigs, cattle, sheep, and horses).
    However, non-mammalian animals do not get infected or transmit the rabies virus (such as poultry, fish, insects, lizards, turtles, and snakes).

References

Research Paper Rabies Exposure Prevention and Handling Guidelines (2009 Edition) Research Paper Rabies Prevention and Control Technical Guidelines (2016 Edition)
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