| Third Edition of the Classification and Diagnostic Criteria for Mental Disorders in China (CCMD-3) |
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| Symptom Criteria |
| 1) Meets the diagnostic criteria for organic mental disorders; 2) Global intellectual impairment; 3) No sudden stroke-like onset, no signs of focal neurological deficits in the early stages of the disease; 4) No clinical or special examinations indicating that cognitive impairment is due to other physical or brain diseases; 5) The following features may support the diagnosis but are not essential: ① Impairment of higher cortical functions, which may include aphasia, agnosia, and apraxia; ② Apathy, lack of initiative, or easy irritability and uncontrolled social behavior; ③ Late-stage severe cases may exhibit Parkinsonian symptoms and seizures; ④ Evidence from physical or neuroimaging examinations. 6) Neuropathological examination aids in confirming the diagnosis. |
| Severity Criteria Significant impairment of daily living and social functioning. |
| Course Criteria Onset is gradual, and while progression may pause, it is difficult to reverse. |
| Exclusion Criteria Exclusion of cognitive impairment due to other organic brain lesions such as cerebrovascular disease, pseudo-dementia caused by depression, mental retardation, or benign senescent forgetfulness in the elderly. |
| Note Alzheimer's disease dementia may coexist with vascular dementia. If cerebrovascular disease occurs on top of the clinical presentation and history of Alzheimer's disease, it may lead to sudden changes in cognitive impairment symptoms, and these cases should be diagnosed as dual diagnoses (and double coded). If vascular dementia occurs prior to Alzheimer's disease, it may not be possible to diagnose Alzheimer's disease based on clinical presentation. |
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