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Silliman Classification of Shoulder Instability

Type SI Comprehensive classification based on cause, degree, direction, voluntary nature, and acute vs. chronic
Voluntary SI More common in adolescents, with a male-to-female ratio of 2:1, no clear history of trauma, and no Bankart or Hill-Sachs lesions. Accompanied by emotional and personality disorders, often dislocating to attract attention; psychological therapy is effective, while rehabilitation and surgical treatment are less effective.
Non-voluntary SI ASI incidence is 95%, PSI incidence is only 2%-4%, of which 96% is caused by trauma, and 4% by cumulative injury or excessive laxity of the joint capsule.

References

Research Paper Silliman JF, et al. Classification and physical diagnosis of instability of the shoulder. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1993;(291):7-19.
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