| Extension Type: |
When falling, the elbow joint is in an extended position, and the force from the palm and body weight is transmitted upwards and downwards, concentrating on the humeral condyle. The force acts on the ulna, causing the medial and lateral condyles of the humerus to split and separate to both sides. The proximal fracture fragment displaces anteriorly, while the distal fragment splits into two or more pieces and displaces posteriorly. |
| Flexion Type: |
The elbow joint directly impacts the ground in a flexed position, possibly due to the olecranon of the ulna striking upwards. The cross-section of the ulna is triangular, and when force is transmitted to this area, the olecranon acts like a wedge, impacting the trochlear groove between the medial and lateral condyles, causing separation and displacement of the condyles, with the distal humerus displacing posteriorly. |
| This fracture can be classified into V-shaped, T-shaped, and Y-shaped based on the fracture line. Sometimes, the humeral condyle can split into more than three pieces, resulting in a comminuted fracture. |
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