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Renal Cancer TNM Staging

Primary Tumor
Tx Primary tumor cannot be assessed
T0 No evidence of primary tumor
T1 Largest tumor diameter ≤ 7cm, confined to the kidney;
T1a Largest tumor diameter ≤ 4cm, confined to the kidney;
T1b 4cm < largest tumor diameter ≤ 7cm, confined to the kidney;
T2 Largest diameter > 7cm, confined to the kidney;
T2a 7cm < largest tumor diameter ≤ 10cm, confined to the kidney;
T2b Largest diameter > 10cm, confined to the kidney;
T3 Tumor invades major veins or perirenal soft tissue but does not invade the ipsilateral adrenal gland and does not extend beyond Gerota's fascia;
T3a Tumor invades renal vein or its major branches, or invades renal pelvis, or perirenal and/or renal sinus fat but does not extend beyond Gerota's fascia;
T3b Tumor extends into the inferior vena cava below the diaphragm;
T3c Tumor extends into the inferior vena cava above the diaphragm or invades the wall of the inferior vena cava;
T4 Tumor has extended beyond Gerota's fascia;
Regional Lymph Nodes
Nx Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed
N0 No regional lymph node metastasis
N1 Regional lymph node metastasis
Distant Metastasis
M0 No distant metastasis
M1 Distant metastasis
Anatomical Staging / Prognostic Groups
Stage T N M
T1 N0 M0
T2 N0 M0
T1 or T2 N1 M0
T3 N0 or N1 M0
T4 any N M0
any T any N M1

Explanation

Applicable to primary renal cancer

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