1. What is Molarity?

Molarity (M) is a unit of concentration representing the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It's one of the most commonly used units in chemistry for quantifying solution concentrations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the molarity formula:

Where:

• \( M \) — Molarity (mol/L)
• \( mass \) — Mass of solute in grams
• \( MW \) — Molecular weight of solute in g/mol
• \( V \) — Volume of solution in liters

Explanation: The formula converts mass to moles (by dividing by molecular weight) and then divides by volume to get concentration in moles per liter.

3. Importance of Molarity Calculation

Details: Accurate molarity calculations are essential for preparing solutions with precise concentrations, which is crucial for chemical reactions, biological assays, and medical applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter mass in grams, molecular weight in g/mol, and volume in liters. All values must be positive numbers. Molecular weight should be the sum of atomic weights of all atoms in the molecule.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity is moles per liter of solution, while molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molarity changes with temperature (due to volume changes), while molality doesn't.

Q2: How do I find the molecular weight of a compound?
A: Sum the atomic weights of all atoms in the molecule. For example, water (H₂O) has MW = (2×1.008) + 15.999 = 18.015 g/mol.

Q3: Can I use milliliters instead of liters?
A: Yes, but you'll need to convert to liters (divide by 1000) since molarity is defined per liter.

Q4: Why is molarity temperature dependent?
A: Because volume changes with temperature (thermal expansion/contraction), while the number of moles stays constant.

Q5: How precise should my measurements be?
A: For most lab work, measure mass to at least 3-4 significant figures and use volumetric flasks for precise volume measurements.