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Dilution Formula:
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The dilution equation \( C_2 = C_1 \times \frac{V_1}{V_2} \) describes how the concentration of a solution changes when it is diluted by adding more solvent. This fundamental principle is used in chemistry, biology, and medicine to prepare solutions of desired concentrations.
The calculator uses the dilution equation:
Where:
Explanation: The equation shows that the final concentration is proportional to the ratio of initial to final volumes. When you dilute a solution, the concentration decreases proportionally to the volume increase.
Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential for preparing solutions in laboratories, medical settings, and industrial applications. They ensure proper concentrations for experiments, medications, and chemical processes.
Tips: Enter all values in consistent units (M for concentration, L for volume). Ensure all values are positive numbers. The final volume (V₂) must be greater than or equal to the initial volume (V₁) for physical validity.
Q1: What if my volumes are in mL instead of liters?
A: You can use any volume unit as long as both V₁ and V₂ are in the same units. The calculator will still give correct results.
Q2: Can this calculator be used for serial dilutions?
A: This calculates single-step dilutions. For serial dilutions, you would need to perform multiple calculations, using the output of one as the input for the next.
Q3: What's the difference between dilution and concentration?
A: Dilution is the process of reducing concentration by adding solvent, while concentration is the amount of solute per unit volume of solution.
Q4: How precise should my measurements be?
A: Precision depends on your application. For most laboratory work, 3-4 significant figures are sufficient.
Q5: Can I use this for non-molar concentration units?
A: Yes, as long as C₁ and C₂ are in the same units (e.g., mM, μg/mL), the calculation works the same way.