1. What is the Dilution Formula?

The dilution formula calculates the final concentration of a solution after dilution. It's fundamental in chemistry, biology, and medical laboratories for preparing solutions of desired concentrations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution formula:

Where:

• \( C_1 \) — Initial concentration (M)
• \( DF \) — Dilution factor (unitless)
• \( C_2 \) — Final concentration (M)

Explanation: The formula shows that concentration decreases proportionally with the dilution factor. A DF of 2 means the solution is twice as dilute (half the concentration).

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential for preparing standard solutions, performing serial dilutions, and ensuring proper concentrations for experiments and medical tests.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial concentration in molarity (M) and dilution factor (must be ≥1). For example, to dilute a 1M solution 10-fold, enter C₁=1 and DF=10.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between dilution factor and volume ratio?
A: Dilution factor is the ratio of final to initial concentration, while volume ratio is the ratio of final to initial volume. For simple dilutions, they're numerically equal.

Q2: How do I calculate dilution factor from volumes?
A: DF = (V₁ + V₂)/V₁, where V₁ is initial volume and V₂ is diluent volume. For example, adding 9mL to 1mL gives DF=10.

Q3: Can I use this for serial dilutions?
A: Yes, apply the calculator sequentially. For a 10-fold serial dilution, each step would use DF=10.

Q4: What if I need to prepare a specific volume?
A: First calculate required C₁ using this calculator, then use C₁V₁=C₂V₂ to find volumes needed.

Q5: Does this work for percent concentrations?
A: Yes, as long as C₁ and C₂ are in the same units (%, M, mg/mL, etc.).