1. What is DNA Molar Concentration?

DNA molar concentration refers to the number of moles of DNA per liter of solution, typically measured in micromolar (μM) units. It's essential for molecular biology experiments where precise DNA amounts are required.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the DNA molar concentration formula:

Where:

• \( M \) — Molar concentration (μM)
• \( C \) — DNA concentration (ng/μL)
• \( MW \) — Molecular weight (g/mol)

Explanation: The formula converts mass concentration (ng/μL) to molar concentration (μM) by dividing by the molecular weight and scaling by 10^6 to account for units.

3. Importance of Molar Concentration

Details: Knowing the molar concentration is crucial for PCR, sequencing, cloning, and other molecular biology techniques where precise DNA molecule counts are needed rather than mass measurements.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter DNA concentration in ng/μL and molecular weight in g/mol. For dsDNA, molecular weight can be calculated as (length in bp × 650 g/mol/bp).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: How do I calculate molecular weight for dsDNA?
A: Multiply the length in base pairs by 650 g/mol/bp (average molecular weight of one bp).

Q2: What's the difference between ng/μL and μM?
A: ng/μL measures mass per volume while μM measures number of molecules per volume. The conversion depends on molecular weight.

Q3: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The calculation is mathematically precise, but accuracy depends on accurate measurement of DNA concentration and correct molecular weight.

Q4: Can I use this for RNA or ssDNA?
A: Yes, but use the appropriate molecular weight (different from dsDNA).

Q5: Why is molar concentration important in PCR?
A: PCR works by molecule count, not mass. Equal molar concentrations ensure equal molecule numbers in reactions.