1. What is DNA Molarity?

DNA molarity refers to the concentration of DNA molecules in solution, expressed in micromoles per liter (μM). It's essential for molecular biology applications where precise amounts of DNA are required.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the NEB formula:

Where:

• \( M \) — DNA molarity (μM)
• \( C \) — DNA concentration (ng/μL)
• \( MW \) — Molecular weight (g/mol)

Explanation: The formula converts mass concentration (ng/μL) to molar concentration (μM) by accounting for the molecular weight of the DNA.

3. Importance of DNA Molarity

Details: Accurate DNA molarity calculations are crucial for PCR, sequencing, cloning, and other molecular biology techniques where precise DNA amounts affect reaction outcomes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter DNA concentration in ng/μL and molecular weight in g/mol. For double-stranded DNA, molecular weight can be calculated as (length in bp × 650 g/mol/bp).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: How do I determine molecular weight?
A: For dsDNA, multiply length in base pairs by 650 g/mol/bp. For ssDNA, multiply by 330 g/mol/nt.

Q2: Why use molarity instead of ng/μL?
A: Molarity accounts for molecule size, allowing accurate comparison between different DNA fragments.

Q3: What's a typical molarity for PCR?
A: Common template concentrations range from 0.1-1 μM, while primers are typically used at 0.1-1 μM.

Q4: Does this work for RNA?
A: Yes, the same formula applies to RNA, using 340 g/mol/nt for molecular weight calculation.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: Very accurate when using precise concentration measurements and correct molecular weights.