LDL Calculation Formula:
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The Friedewald equation estimates LDL cholesterol from total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. This calculation is commonly used when a direct LDL measurement isn't available.
The calculator uses the Friedewald equation:
Where:
Explanation: The equation estimates LDL by subtracting HDL and VLDL (estimated as TG/5) from total cholesterol.
Details: LDL cholesterol is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Monitoring LDL levels helps assess cardiovascular risk and guide treatment decisions.
Tips: Enter all values in mg/dL. The equation is valid when triglycerides are below 400 mg/dL. For higher TG levels, direct LDL measurement is recommended.
Q1: Why divide triglycerides by 5?
A: This estimates VLDL cholesterol, as VLDL typically carries about 20% of triglycerides (hence 1/5 of TG = VLDL).
Q2: What are normal LDL values?
A: Optimal is <100 mg/dL, near optimal is 100-129 mg/dL, borderline high is 130-159 mg/dL, high is 160-189 mg/dL, and very high is ≥190 mg/dL.
Q3: When is this calculation not accurate?
A: When triglycerides are >400 mg/dL, in non-fasting samples, or in certain conditions like type III hyperlipidemia.
Q4: How often should LDL be checked?
A: Adults should have a lipid panel every 4-6 years. Those with risk factors may need more frequent testing.
Q5: Are there better methods than this calculation?
A: Direct LDL measurement is more accurate but more expensive. Newer equations like Martin/Hopkins may be more precise at very low LDL levels.