1. What is Concentration Dilution?

Concentration dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of a solute in solution by adding more solvent. This is a fundamental concept in chemistry and biology used to prepare solutions of desired concentrations.

2. How Does the Dilution Formula Work?

The dilution formula is based on the principle of conservation of mass:

Where:

• \( C_1 \) — Initial concentration (M)
• \( V_1 \) — Initial volume (L)
• \( C_2 \) — Final concentration (M)
• \( V_2 \) — Final volume (L)

Explanation: The formula shows that the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution, so the product of concentration and volume before dilution equals that after dilution.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential for preparing solutions in laboratories, medical settings, and industrial applications. They ensure proper concentrations for experiments, medications, and chemical processes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the initial concentration (C₁) in molarity (M), initial volume (V₁) in liters (L), and final volume (V₂) in liters (L). All values must be positive numbers. The calculator will compute the final concentration (C₂).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Can I use different units for volume?
A: Yes, but all volumes must use the same units (mL, L, etc.). The calculator currently uses liters.

Q2: What if I know C₂ and need to find V₂?
A: Rearrange the formula: \( V_2 = \frac{C_1V_1}{C_2} \)

Q3: Does this work for percent solutions?
A: Yes, the formula works for any concentration units as long as C₁ and C₂ use the same units.

Q4: What about serial dilutions?
A: For serial dilutions, apply the formula sequentially for each dilution step.

Q5: How precise should my measurements be?
A: Precision depends on your application. Analytical work typically requires more precise measurements than general lab work.