1. What is Diluted Concentration?

Diluted concentration refers to the concentration of a solution after it has been diluted by adding more solvent. The dilution formula \( C_2 = C_1 \times \frac{V_1}{V_2} \) describes how the concentration changes when volume changes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution equation:

Where:

• \( C_1 \) — Initial concentration (M)
• \( V_1 \) — Initial volume (L)
• \( V_2 \) — Final volume after dilution (L)
• \( C_2 \) — Final concentration (M)

Explanation: The formula shows that concentration is inversely proportional to volume when the amount of solute remains constant.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential in chemistry, biology, medicine, and many industrial processes where precise concentrations are required.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in consistent units (M for concentration, L for volume). All values must be positive numbers. The final volume (V₂) must be greater than the initial volume (V₁) for dilution.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What if I want to prepare a specific final concentration?
A: Rearrange the formula to solve for V₁: \( V_1 = \frac{C_2 \times V_2}{C_1} \). This tells you how much of the stock solution to use.

Q2: Can I use different units?
A: Yes, as long as V₁ and V₂ are in the same units (both mL or both L), and C₁ and C₂ are in the same units.

Q3: What's the difference between dilution and concentration?
A: Dilution is making a solution less concentrated by adding solvent, while concentration is making it more concentrated by removing solvent or adding solute.

Q4: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The calculation is mathematically exact, but real-world accuracy depends on precise measurement of volumes and complete mixing.

Q5: What about serial dilutions?
A: For serial dilutions, multiply the dilution factors at each step. For example, two 1:10 dilutions give a final 1:100 dilution.