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Dilution Formula:
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The dilution equation (C₁V₁ = C₂V₂) is a fundamental principle in chemistry that relates the concentrations and volumes of a solution before and after dilution. It's based on the principle of conservation of mass - the amount of solute remains constant during dilution.
The calculator uses the dilution equation:
Where:
Explanation: The product of initial concentration and volume equals the product of final concentration and volume. This calculator lets you solve for any one variable when you know the other three.
Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential for preparing solutions of desired concentrations in laboratories, pharmaceutical preparations, and industrial processes. They ensure proper reagent strengths and experimental validity.
Tips: Enter any three known values (leaving one field blank) to calculate the fourth. Values should be positive numbers. Concentrations are in molarity (M) and volumes in liters (L).
Q1: Can I use different units for volume?
A: Yes, but all volumes must use the same unit (e.g., all in mL or all in L). The calculator currently displays liters.
Q2: Does this work for serial dilutions?
A: This calculates single-step dilutions. For serial dilutions, you need to perform calculations for each step separately.
Q3: What if my solution has multiple solutes?
A: This equation works for each solute independently, assuming they don't interact chemically during dilution.
Q4: How precise should my measurements be?
A: Precision depends on your application. Analytical chemistry often requires high precision (4+ significant figures).
Q5: Does temperature affect dilution calculations?
A: Temperature can affect volume measurements but not the fundamental mass balance expressed by the equation.