Dilution Calculator - C1V1 = C2V2

Dilution Formula:

\[ C_1 \times V_1 = C_2 \times V_2 \]

Initial Concentration (C1):

Initial Volume (V1):

Final Concentration (C2):

Final Volume (V2):

Calculation Result:

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1. What is the Dilution Equation?

The dilution equation (C1V1 = C2V2) is a fundamental principle in chemistry that relates the concentrations and volumes of a solution before and after dilution. It's based on the principle of mass conservation, where the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution equation:

\[ C_1 \times V_1 = C_2 \times V_2 \]

Where:

\( C_1 \) — Initial concentration (molarity, M)
\( V_1 \) — Initial volume (liters, L)
\( C_2 \) — Final concentration (molarity, M)
\( V_2 \) — Final volume (liters, L)

Explanation: The equation states that the product of initial concentration and volume equals the product of final concentration and volume after dilution.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential for preparing solutions of desired concentrations in laboratories, pharmaceutical preparations, and industrial processes. They ensure proper dosing and experimental conditions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter any three known values (in consistent units) and leave one field blank. The calculator will solve for the missing variable. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Can I use different units for volume and concentration?
A: Yes, but all volumes must use the same units (e.g., all in mL or all in L), and all concentrations must use the same units (e.g., all in M or all in mM).

Q2: What if I need to prepare a specific volume of diluted solution?
A: Enter C1, C2, and V2, leaving V1 blank to calculate how much stock solution you need to dilute to the final volume.

Q3: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The calculation is mathematically exact, but actual results depend on measurement precision and proper mixing.

Q4: Can this be used for serial dilutions?
A: This calculates single-step dilutions. For serial dilutions, you would perform multiple calculations in sequence.

Q5: What if I get an error message?
A: Make sure exactly one field is blank (the one you want to calculate) and all entered values are positive numbers.