1. What are Molar Equivalents?

Molar equivalents (eq) represent the reactive capacity of a chemical species in a reaction, calculated by multiplying the number of moles by the n-factor (number of reactive units per molecule).

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the molar equivalents formula:

Where:

• \( \text{Moles} \) — Amount of substance in moles (mol)
• \( \text{n-factor} \) — Number of reactive units per molecule (unitless)

Explanation: The n-factor depends on the specific reaction and represents how many equivalents of reactive capacity each molecule provides.

3. Importance of Molar Equivalents

Details: Calculating equivalents is essential for stoichiometric calculations, especially in redox reactions, acid-base titrations, and when determining reagent quantities in synthetic chemistry.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the amount in moles and the n-factor for your specific reaction. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: How do I determine the n-factor?
A: The n-factor depends on the reaction type. For acids/bases, it's the number of H+/OH- ions. For redox, it's the number of electrons transferred.

Q2: What's the difference between moles and equivalents?
A: Moles count molecules, while equivalents count reactive units. For monofunctional species (n=1), they're numerically equal.

Q3: When should I use equivalents instead of moles?
A: Use equivalents when you need to account for different reactive capacities, like in titrations or when reagents have different functionalities.

Q4: Can n-factor be a fraction?
A: Yes, in some complex reactions or when dealing with average functionality in polymer chemistry.

Q5: How precise should my equivalents calculation be?
A: For most synthetic work, 3-4 significant figures is sufficient, but analytical applications may require higher precision.