1. What is Molarity?

Molarity (M) is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It's one of the most commonly used units of concentration in chemistry.

2. The Molarity Formula

The molarity formula is:

Where:

• \( M \) — Molarity (mol/L or M)
• \( n \) — Amount of substance (moles)
• \( V \) — Volume of solution (liters)

Explanation: This formula shows the direct relationship between the amount of solute and the concentration of the solution, and the inverse relationship with volume.

3. Importance of Molarity

Details: Molarity is crucial for preparing solutions with precise concentrations, performing stoichiometric calculations in solution chemistry, and conducting titrations in analytical chemistry.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the amount of substance in moles and the volume in liters. Both values must be positive numbers. The calculator will compute the molarity in mol/L (M).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity is moles per liter of solution, while molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molality is temperature-independent.

Q2: How do I convert grams to moles for the calculation?
A: Divide the mass in grams by the molar mass of the substance (g/mol) to get moles.

Q3: What if my volume is in milliliters?
A: Convert mL to L by dividing by 1000 (since 1000 mL = 1 L) before using the calculator.

Q4: Why is molarity temperature dependent?
A: Because volume changes with temperature, while moles remain constant. For precise work at different temperatures, molality may be preferred.

Q5: Can I calculate moles or volume if I know molarity?
A: Yes, the formula can be rearranged: \( n = M \times V \) or \( V = \frac{n}{M} \).