1. What is Molarity?

Molarity (M) is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It's one of the most commonly used units of concentration in chemistry.

2. The Molarity Formula

The molarity formula is:

Where:

• \( M \) — Molarity (mol/L)
• \( n \) — Amount of substance (moles)
• \( V \) — Volume of solution (liters)

Explanation: This formula shows that molarity is directly proportional to the amount of solute and inversely proportional to the volume of solution.

3. Importance of Molarity

Details: Molarity is crucial in solution preparation, stoichiometric calculations, and quantitative analysis. It allows chemists to precisely control reactant concentrations in reactions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the amount of substance in moles and the volume in liters. Both values must be positive numbers, with volume greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity is moles per liter of solution, while molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molality is temperature-independent.

Q2: How do I convert grams to moles for this calculation?
A: Divide the mass in grams by the molar mass of the substance (g/mol) to get moles.

Q3: What if my volume is in milliliters?
A: Convert milliliters to liters by dividing by 1000 before using the calculator.

Q4: Can molarity be greater than 1?
A: Yes, molarity can be any positive value. Concentrated acids often have molarities > 10 mol/L.

Q5: Why is molarity temperature dependent?
A: Because volume changes with temperature, while moles remain constant. For precise work at different temperatures, molality may be preferred.