1. What is Molarity?

Molarity (M) is a unit of concentration in chemistry, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It's one of the most commonly used units for measuring concentration in chemical solutions.

2. The Molarity Formula

The molarity formula is:

Where:

• \( M \) — Molarity (mol/L or M)
• \( n \) — Number of moles of solute (mol)
• \( V \) — Volume of solution (L)

Explanation: This formula shows that molarity depends on both the amount of solute and the total volume of the solution.

3. Importance of Molarity

Details: Molarity is crucial in solution preparation, stoichiometric calculations, and chemical reactions. It allows chemists to precisely control reactant concentrations and predict reaction outcomes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the amount of solute in moles and the volume of solution in liters. Both values must be positive numbers. The calculator will compute the molarity in mol/L (M).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity is moles per liter of solution, while molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molality is temperature-independent.

Q2: How do I convert grams to moles for the calculation?
A: Divide the mass in grams by the molar mass of the substance (g/mol) to get moles.

Q3: Why is molarity temperature dependent?
A: Because volume changes with temperature, while moles remain constant. Solutions expand when heated and contract when cooled.

Q4: What's a standard solution?
A: A solution with precisely known concentration, often prepared using molarity calculations.

Q5: How precise should molarity measurements be?
A: For most laboratory work, 4 significant figures is sufficient, though analytical chemistry may require greater precision.