1. What is the Dilution Equation?

The dilution equation \( C_1V_1 = C_2V_2 \) relates the concentrations and volumes of a solution before and after dilution. It's based on the principle that the amount of solute remains constant during dilution.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution equation:

Where:

• \( C_1 \) — Initial concentration (molarity)
• \( V_1 \) — Initial volume
• \( C_2 \) — Final concentration after dilution
• \( V_2 \) — Final volume after dilution

Explanation: The equation shows that the final concentration is proportional to the ratio of initial to final volumes.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential for preparing solutions of desired concentrations in chemistry, biology, and medical laboratories.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in consistent units (M for concentration, L for volume). All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Can I use different volume units?
A: Yes, as long as both volumes use the same unit (e.g., both in mL or both in L).

Q2: What if I know C₂ and want to find V₁?
A: Rearrange the equation: \( V_1 = \frac{C_2V_2}{C_1} \).

Q3: Does this work for serial dilutions?
A: For serial dilutions, multiply the dilution factors at each step.

Q4: What's the maximum dilution possible?
A: Theoretically unlimited, but practically limited by detection methods.

Q5: Does temperature affect dilution calculations?
A: Temperature affects volume measurements but not the mole relationship in the equation.