1. What is the Dilution Equation?

The dilution equation (C1V1 = C2V2) expresses the relationship between concentrations and volumes before and after a dilution. It's based on the principle of mass conservation, where the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator verifies the dilution equation:

Where:

• \( C1 \) — Initial concentration (M)
• \( V1 \) — Initial volume (L)
• \( C2 \) — Final concentration (M)
• \( V2 \) — Final volume (L)

Explanation: The product of initial concentration and volume equals the product of final concentration and volume after dilution.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential in chemistry, biology, and medicine for preparing solutions of desired concentrations from stock solutions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all four values (C1, V1, C2, V2) in appropriate units. The calculator will verify if the equation balances. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Can I use different units for concentration and volume?
A: Yes, but all concentrations must be in the same units, and all volumes must be in the same units.

Q2: What if I only know three of the four values?
A: You can solve for the unknown value algebraically by rearranging the equation.

Q3: Does this work for serial dilutions?
A: Yes, but each dilution step must be calculated separately in a series.

Q4: How precise should my measurements be?
A: Precision depends on your application. Analytical work requires high precision (±0.1%), while general lab work may tolerate ±1-5%.

Q5: Can this be used for solid dilutions?
A: No, this equation is specifically for liquid dilutions. Solid dilutions require different calculations.