1. What is Molar Concentration?

Molar concentration (also called molarity) is a measure of the concentration of a chemical species, in particular of a solute in a solution, in terms of amount of substance per unit volume of solution. It is expressed in moles per liter (mol/L or M).

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the molar concentration formula:

Where:

• \( M \) — Molar concentration (mol/L)
• \( n \) — Amount of substance (moles)
• \( V \) — Volume of solution (liters)

Explanation: The formula simply divides the number of moles of solute by the volume of the solution in liters.

3. Importance of Molar Concentration

Details: Molar concentration is fundamental in chemistry for preparing solutions, performing chemical reactions, and calculating dilutions. It's essential for stoichiometric calculations in chemical reactions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the amount of substance in moles and the volume in liters. Both values must be positive numbers. The calculator will compute the molar concentration in mol/L.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity (M) is moles per liter of solution, while molality (m) is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molarity changes with temperature, molality doesn't.

Q2: How do I convert grams to moles?
A: Divide the mass in grams by the molar mass of the substance (g/mol). You'll need to know the chemical formula.

Q3: What's a standard solution?
A: A solution whose exact concentration is known. Standard solutions are prepared using precise measurements and are used in titrations.

Q4: How does dilution affect molarity?
A: Diluting a solution (adding more solvent) decreases its molarity. The relationship is M₁V₁ = M₂V₂ (before and after dilution).

Q5: Why is molarity temperature dependent?
A: Because volume changes with temperature. For temperature-independent measurements, molality is often preferred.