1. What is Molarity?

Molarity (M) is a unit of concentration representing the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It's one of the most commonly used units in chemistry for quantitative analysis of solutions.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the molarity formula:

Where:

• \( density \) — Density of the solution (g/mL)
• \( percentage \) — Percentage concentration of the solute (%)
• \( MW \) — Molecular weight of the solute (g/mol)
• 100 — Conversion factor for percentage
• 1000 — Conversion factor from mL to L

Explanation: The formula converts percentage concentration to molarity by accounting for the solution's density and the solute's molecular weight.

3. Importance of Molarity Calculation

Details: Accurate molarity calculations are essential for preparing solutions with precise concentrations, which is crucial for chemical reactions, laboratory experiments, and industrial processes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter density in g/mL, percentage concentration (0-100%), and molecular weight in g/mol. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity is moles per liter of solution, while molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molarity changes with temperature, molality doesn't.

Q2: When should I use this calculator?
A: Use it when you know the percentage concentration and density of a solution and need to find its molar concentration.

Q3: What are typical density values for common solutions?
A: Aqueous solutions are typically close to 1 g/mL. Concentrated acids have higher densities (e.g., 1.84 g/mL for 98% H₂SO₄).

Q4: Can I use this for mixtures?
A: This calculator is for single-solute solutions. For mixtures, you'd need to know the percentage of each component.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The calculation is mathematically precise, but accuracy depends on the precision of your input values.