1. What is the Dilution Equation?

The dilution equation \( C_2 = C_1 \times \frac{V_1}{V_2} \) calculates the final concentration (C2) of a solution after dilution. It's based on the principle that the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution equation:

Where:

• \( C_1 \) — Initial molarity (M)
• \( V_1 \) — Initial volume (L)
• \( V_2 \) — Final volume after dilution (L)
• \( C_2 \) — Final molarity after dilution (M)

Explanation: The equation shows that concentration is inversely proportional to volume when the amount of solute is constant.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential in laboratory work, pharmaceutical preparations, and chemical manufacturing to achieve desired solution concentrations.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial molarity in M, initial volume in L, and final volume in L. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Can I use different volume units?
A: Yes, as long as V1 and V2 use the same units (e.g., both in mL or both in L).

Q2: What if my final volume is less than initial volume?
A: This would represent concentration, not dilution, and the final concentration would be higher than the initial.

Q3: Does temperature affect the calculation?
A: The equation assumes no volume change due to temperature effects, which is generally valid for dilute solutions.

Q4: Can this be used for percent solutions?
A: Yes, the same principle applies to any concentration units (%, M, N, etc.) as long as you're consistent.

Q5: How precise should my measurements be?
A: Precision depends on your application. Analytical work requires more precise measurements than general lab work.