1. What is Concentration Dilution?

Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of a solute in solution by adding more solvent. The dilution equation relates the concentrations and volumes before and after dilution, based on the principle of mass conservation.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution equation:

Where:

• \( C_1 \) — Initial concentration (molarity)
• \( V_1 \) — Initial volume
• \( C_2 \) — Final concentration
• \( V_2 \) — Final volume after dilution

Explanation: The equation shows that the final concentration is equal to the initial concentration multiplied by the dilution factor (V₁/V₂).

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential in chemistry, biology, medicine, and many industrial processes where precise concentrations are required for reactions, experiments, or product formulations.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in consistent units (M for concentration, L for volume). All values must be positive numbers. The calculator will compute the final concentration after dilution.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What if I need to convert between different units?
A: Make sure all volumes are in the same unit (e.g., liters) before calculation. You can convert mL to L by dividing by 1000.

Q2: Does this equation work for any concentration unit?
A: Yes, as long as C₁ and C₂ are in the same units (M, mM, %, etc.), the equation works the same way.

Q3: What if I know C₂ and need to find V₂?
A: The equation can be rearranged: \( V_2 = \frac{C_1 \times V_1}{C_2} \)

Q4: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The calculation is mathematically exact, but practical accuracy depends on precise measurement of volumes in the lab.

Q5: Does this account for volume changes when mixing?
A: For ideal solutions, volumes are additive. For non-ideal solutions, actual final volume may differ slightly.