1. What is the Dilution Equation?

The dilution equation \( C_1V_1 = C_2V_2 \) describes how the concentration of a solution changes when it is diluted with solvent. This fundamental principle is widely used in physiology, chemistry, and laboratory work.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution equation:

Where:

• \( C_1 \) — Initial concentration (M)
• \( V_1 \) — Initial volume (L)
• \( C_2 \) — Final concentration (M)
• \( V_2 \) — Final volume (L)

Explanation: The equation shows that the product of initial concentration and volume equals the product of final concentration and volume after dilution.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential for preparing solutions of desired concentrations in physiological experiments, medical treatments, and laboratory research.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in the correct units (M for concentration, L for volume). All values must be positive numbers. The calculator will compute the final concentration after dilution.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Can I use different volume units?
A: Yes, as long as both volumes use the same unit (e.g., both in mL or both in L). The calculator currently uses liters (L).

Q2: What if my final volume is less than initial volume?
A: This would represent concentration rather than dilution, and the final concentration would be higher than the initial concentration.

Q3: Does this equation account for solute-solvent interactions?
A: No, this is an ideal equation that assumes perfect mixing and no chemical interactions between solute and solvent.

Q4: Can I use this for serial dilutions?
A: Yes, but you would need to perform the calculation for each dilution step separately.

Q5: How precise should my measurements be?
A: For physiological applications, typically 3-4 significant figures are appropriate, depending on the required precision.