1. What is the Dilution Equation?

The dilution equation \( C_2 = C_1 \times \frac{V_1}{V_2} \) describes how the concentration of a solution changes when it is diluted with solvent. This fundamental principle is used in chemistry, biology, and medicine to prepare solutions of desired concentrations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution equation:

Where:

• \( C_1 \) — Initial concentration (M)
• \( V_1 \) — Initial volume (L)
• \( V_2 \) — Final volume after dilution (L)
• \( C_2 \) — Final concentration (M)

Explanation: The equation shows that the final concentration is proportional to the ratio of initial to final volumes.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential for preparing solutions of precise concentrations in laboratory work, medical applications, and industrial processes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in the correct units (M for concentration, L for volume). All values must be positive numbers. The final volume (V2) must be greater than the initial volume (V1) for dilution.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Can this calculator be used for any concentration units?
A: Yes, as long as you use consistent units for C1 and C2 (both in M, mM, μM, etc.).

Q2: What if I need to prepare a specific volume of diluted solution?
A: Enter your desired final volume as V2, and the calculator will tell you the resulting concentration.

Q3: How do I prepare serial dilutions?
A: Use this calculator for each dilution step in your series, using the previous step's concentration as C1.

Q4: Does this account for non-ideal mixing?
A: No, this assumes perfect mixing. In practice, ensure thorough mixing of solutions.

Q5: Can I use different volume units?
A: Yes, as long as V1 and V2 are in the same units (both mL, both L, etc.).