1. What is the Dilution Equation?

The dilution equation \( V_2 = V_1 \times \frac{C_1}{C_2} \) calculates the final volume (V₂) needed to dilute a solution from initial concentration (C₁) to desired concentration (C₂), using a known initial volume (V₁).

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution equation:

Where:

• \( V_1 \) — Initial volume (mL)
• \( C_1 \) — Initial concentration (M)
• \( C_2 \) — Final concentration (M)
• \( V_2 \) — Final volume (mL)

Explanation: The equation maintains the same amount of solute while changing the volume to achieve the desired concentration.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential in laboratory work, pharmaceutical preparations, and chemical manufacturing to achieve precise concentrations.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial volume in mL, concentrations in molarity (M). All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Can I use different units for volume?
A: Yes, but all volumes must use the same units (e.g., all mL or all L).

Q2: What if my final concentration is higher than initial?
A: The equation will give a volume smaller than V₁, meaning you would need to evaporate solvent rather than add it.

Q3: Does this work for percent concentrations?
A: Yes, as long as both concentrations use the same units (e.g., both % w/v).

Q4: How do I prepare the dilution in practice?
A: Add solvent to the initial solution until the total volume reaches V₂.

Q5: What if I need to make a specific volume?
A: You would need to calculate how much of the stock solution to use, then dilute to the desired volume.